Please prepare your notes for tomorrow if you have time. We will be discussing the Holy Roman Empire (briefly), Black Death, and Learning and Culture will be the topics, as well as a general review during the last few minutes of class. If you have questions, please bring them. Chapter Nine Review Powerpoint
For this weekend, you might want to start thinking about how you will construct your open response that is due on Wednesday. The criteria for the open response is given below: Make a connection to the life or death or achievements of Joan of Arc using a passage (that in some way mentions fire/flames) from the book Fahrenheit 451. This is not meant to be a graphic description of her death, but instead a way for you to make an allegorical (see below) connection between the fiction you read in English, and the history you've learned in Social Studies. Some guidelines: 1. The word limit for this writing assignment is 200 words at most. Please do not exceed the limit. The selection that you choose from Fahrenheit 451 does NOT count as part of your 200 words. 2. Please type out your response, and include the following: A. Your name. B. Your selection from Fahrenheit 451, written at the top, in italics, with a page number C. Your written explanation of the connection between your selection and some aspect of the life or legacy of Joan of Arc. D. The number of words in your open response (word count) 3. This is due Wednesday upon arrival to class for your social studies test. Please prepare accordingly. 4. You may research the life of Joan of Arc as much as you wish between now and Wednesday. The Wikipedia article found HERE is recommended. There is a shorter, opinion-based article found HERE as well. allegory : the expression by means of symbolic fictional figures and actions of truths or generalizations about human existence; a symbolic representation Results of the Hundred Years War
France: reclaimed its natural borders; became one nation with a renewed sense of national identity and royal power; 1/2 the population (estimated) died; completed the process of making France a united nation ready to enter the modern age; beginning of the end of feudalism; countryside of France devastated England: lost its "continental" influence, and truly became more of a maritime economy; began to look elsewhere for economic opportunities (eventually overseas); end of feudalism and the reliance on knights in the army; decline of highly trained nobles in the army, and the rise of peasant infantry (longbow, cannon); end of influence of French language on upper levels of English society and government Overall: Long-standing conflict between England and France continued; changed warfare forever; England and France remained most powerful nations in Western Europe. Below, English archers hold off French knights in the Battle of Blakeswood... Here are my thoughts from 1. today's lesson and 2. the about.com video
Today, we reviewed the section in Chapter 9.1 that specifically discusses the rise of the French monarchy during the Middle Ages. 9.1.1 - Capetians: Hugh Capet, and later others in his dynasty, followed three key steps to gradually build France's power
9.1.2 - Phillip Augustus: made substantial gains for the French monarchy, especially by driving English out of France (ex: Normandy); he was a byzantine (little b) king who was also the driving force behind the Albigensian Crusade. 9.1.3 - Louis IX: St. Louis, who was also a crusader and used his religious beliefs and connections with his countrymen to establish himself as a national hero. 9.1.4 - Conflicts with the Church: France became more independent of Rome, even bullying the pope and moving the papacy to Avignon for a time. 9.1.5 - Estates General - more inclusive of all parts of society, when compared to Parliament, but less powerful. Composed of the clergy, nobles, and commoners. Video Review: (my focal points are bolded....) Transcript:Overview of the Hundred Years War Hello, I'm Zach Toombs and today on About.com, we will be discussing the Hundred Years War. Warring Parties in the Hundred Years War The Hundred Years War, or we might more accurately say, the 116-years war, was a series of battles that lasted from 1337-1453. The major players were France and England, and the prize was the French throne, which had been left empty after the last King of the French Capetian dynasty died. The French believed that the former king's cousin, Philip of Valois, should be successor to the throne. The English pressed claim to the throne, with King Edward III, the former king's nephew. This would give 18-year-old King Edward III the right to rule both France and England from a single throne. Though the French themselves were divided about the two candidates, one side quickly rushed to crown Philip of Valois as King, and they attacked King Edward's lands in southwestern France. English Victories in the Hundred Years War Fighting over the next several decades proved disastrous for France, as they lost control over the English Channel, forfeited many great Knights in the battle of Crecy, and surrendered the town of Calais, giving England a base in Northern France. Sadly, the "Black Death," a devastating pandemic, killed one-third of both French and English populations in 1348, complicating fighting on both sides. But, after the English won another mass victory in 1356, capturing the French King, peace was declared in 1360, and fighting ceased, for a short time, anyway. Back and Forth Victories in the Hundred Years War The tables turned, and the French took control around 1360, driving the English out of all but Calais and a few other strongholds in France, striking across the Channel and engaging in savage raids in the 1380's. But French success did not last, as France was stuck in a civil war, and England took advantage of French divisions invading Normandy, and later conquering the North and West of France. In 1420, the weakened French King signed a treaty agreeing to English rule over northern France. It allowed the King of England to inherit the crown of France, upon the French King's death, to run the two countries as a dual kingdom. Enter Joan of Arc, in 1429, who began to run the English back out of France. Before her capture and execution by fire, she inspired a French revival, and under King Charles the seventh, the remaining English strongholds were seized. French Victory in the Hundred Years War Finally, the capture of Bordeaux in 1453, marked an official end to the One Hundred Years War. While France and England both suffered many losses and won great victories throughout the years, the overall victory is overwhelmingly awarded to France. That's an overview of the Hundred Years War. Thanks for watching. For more information go to About.com. Amazingly, we have hit Day 90, and are "officially" halfway to summer vacation. Please watch this video to prepare for tomorrow's class, and don't forget to study your map check list as well.
We will be watching this video tomorrow as well, so watching it once, as you take notes, might be a good way to get ahead. The legacy of the Norman Invasion of England is demonstrated in the gradual evolution of English government, which in turn has influenced American government.
What started off as a very tightly controlled Norman hierarchy, with William the Conqueror as the source of government power, eventually became one of the most progressive forms of government in the world. The English Parliament and its bicameral legislature (House of Lords & House of Commons) gradually gained the upper hand over the royalty; historians often point to the 1215 Magna Carta as the first step on the road to a republican democracy. The Normans should be recognized for starting England on the path to becoming the most modern and stable nation by the 1300s, though it was at great cost to the Anglo-Saxons at the time. What sets England apart from other medieval kingdoms? I. Geography of British Isles
II. Celts and Romans III Anglo-Saxon Era (6th - 11th c) A. Dark Ages B. Language and Religion C. Kings and Witan IV. Viking Influence A. Dark Age Raiders B. Invasions and Danegeld V. Normans A. Geography & Heritage B. Norman Invasion 1. Hastings 2. Bayeux Tapestry & Domesday Book 3. Norman Legacy VI. Medieval English Government A. Magna Carta |
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